ies-building-extension.ttl

@prefix rdf:   <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix ies:   <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#> .
@prefix bldg:  <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#> .

# =============================================================================
# IES4 Building & Energy Performance Extension Ontology
# UK Domestic Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) Domain
#
# Extends IES4 (Information Exchange Standard) using BORO 4D extensionalism
# to model UK residential buildings and their energy performance assessments.
# Covers all 105 EPC data columns.
# =============================================================================

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 1: CORE BUILDING CLASSES
# =============================================================================

# --- Building (the 4D whole-life entity) ---

bldg:Building a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A UK residential building assessed for energy performance. The whole-life entity representing the physical dwelling from construction to demolition." .

bldg:BuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a building, capturing its properties at a particular point or period in time. Each EPC assessment produces a snapshot that is a BuildingState." .

bldg:ClassOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for types of building. Instances include Detached, Semi-Detached, Terraced, Flat etc. Following IES BORO methodology, enumerated types are instances of this class, not subclasses of Building." .

# --- ClassOfBuilding instances (PROPERTY_TYPE) ---

bldg:Detached a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Detached" ;
    rdfs:comment "A detached house — a standalone dwelling not sharing any walls with another building." .

bldg:SemiDetached a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Semi-Detached" ;
    rdfs:comment "A semi-detached house — a dwelling sharing one party wall with an adjacent dwelling." .

bldg:Terraced a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Terraced" ;
    rdfs:comment "A terraced house — a dwelling forming part of a continuous row of houses sharing party walls." .

bldg:FlatMaisonette a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Flat/Maisonette" ;
    rdfs:comment "A flat or maisonette — a self-contained dwelling within a larger building." .

bldg:Bungalow a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Bungalow" ;
    rdfs:comment "A bungalow — a single-storey dwelling." .

bldg:ParkHome a bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Park Home" ;
    rdfs:comment "A park home — a prefabricated dwelling sited on a licensed residential park." .

# --- ClassOfBuiltForm (BUILT_FORM — finer classification) ---

bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Built Form" ;
    rdfs:comment "A finer classifier for the built form of a dwelling, distinguishing mid-terrace from end-terrace, purpose-built flat from converted flat, etc." .

bldg:DetachedForm a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Detached" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a fully detached dwelling." .

bldg:SemiDetachedForm a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Semi-Detached" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a semi-detached dwelling sharing one party wall." .

bldg:MidTerrace a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Mid-Terrace" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a mid-terrace house with party walls on both sides." .

bldg:EndTerrace a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "End-Terrace" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: an end-terrace house with one exposed gable wall." .

bldg:EnclosedEndTerrace a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Enclosed End-Terrace" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: an end-terrace where the gable end is enclosed by an adjacent non-residential structure." .

bldg:EnclosedMidTerrace a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Enclosed Mid-Terrace" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a mid-terrace enclosed by adjacent non-residential structures on both sides." .

bldg:PurposeBuiltFlat a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Purpose-Built Flat" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a flat in a building designed and constructed as flats." .

bldg:ConvertedFlat a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Converted Flat" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a flat converted from a building originally designed for another purpose (e.g. a house)." .

bldg:BungalowForm a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Bungalow" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a single-storey bungalow." .

bldg:MaisonetteForm a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Maisonette" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a maisonette — a multi-storey flat with its own entrance." .

bldg:ParkHomeForm a bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "Park Home" ;
    rdfs:comment "Built form: a park home on a licensed site." .

# --- Construction Age Band ---

bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Construction Age" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for construction age bands used in SAP calculations. Each instance represents a date range (e.g. 1930-1949, 1967-1975)." .

bldg:Before1900 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "Before 1900" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built before 1900." .

bldg:Age1900to1929 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1900-1929" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1900 and 1929." .

bldg:Age1930to1949 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1930-1949" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1930 and 1949." .

bldg:Age1950to1966 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1950-1966" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1950 and 1966." .

bldg:Age1967to1975 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1967-1975" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1967 and 1975." .

bldg:Age1976to1982 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1976-1982" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1976 and 1982." .

bldg:Age1983to1990 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1983-1990" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1983 and 1990." .

bldg:Age1991to1995 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1991-1995" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1991 and 1995." .

bldg:Age1996to2002 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "1996-2002" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 1996 and 2002." .

bldg:Age2003to2006 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "2003-2006" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 2003 and 2006." .

bldg:Age2007to2011 a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "2007-2011" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built between 2007 and 2011." .

bldg:Age2012onwards a bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "2012 onwards" ;
    rdfs:comment "Construction age band: built from 2012 onwards." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 2: BUILDING ENVELOPE ELEMENTS
# =============================================================================

# --- Wall ---

bldg:Wall a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "An external wall element of a building's thermal envelope. Its construction type and insulation determine heat loss." .

bldg:WallState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Wall State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a wall, capturing its description, energy efficiency rating, and environmental efficiency rating at a point in time." .

bldg:ClassOfWall a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for wall construction types. Instances represent construction and insulation combinations (e.g. cavity wall filled, solid brick uninsulated)." .

bldg:CavityWallFilled a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Cavity Wall, Filled Cavity" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: cavity wall construction with cavity insulation fill." .

bldg:CavityWallUnfilled a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Cavity Wall, Unfilled" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: cavity wall construction with no cavity insulation." .

bldg:SolidBrickNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Brick, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: solid brick wall as built with no additional insulation." .

bldg:SolidBrickInsulated a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Brick, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: solid brick wall with internal or external insulation applied." .

bldg:TimberFrameInsulated a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Timber Frame, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: timber frame construction with insulation between studs." .

bldg:SystemBuiltInsulated a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "System Built, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: system-built (non-traditional) construction with insulation." .

bldg:SandstoneInsulated a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Sandstone, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: sandstone construction with insulation applied." .

bldg:SandstoneNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Sandstone, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Wall type: sandstone construction with no insulation." .

# --- Roof ---

bldg:Roof a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof element of a building's thermal envelope. Its form and insulation depth determine heat loss through the top of the dwelling." .

bldg:RoofState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Roof State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a roof, capturing its description, energy efficiency rating, and environmental efficiency rating at a point in time." .

bldg:ClassOfRoof a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for roof types. Instances represent roof form and insulation combinations." .

bldg:PitchedInsulated a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Pitched, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: pitched roof with loft insulation (typically 200-300mm)." .

bldg:PitchedNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Pitched, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: pitched roof with no loft insulation." .

bldg:PitchedLimitedInsulation a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Pitched, Limited Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: pitched roof with limited (less than 100mm) loft insulation." .

bldg:FlatRoofInsulated a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Flat, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: flat roof with insulation layer." .

bldg:FlatRoofNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Flat, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: flat roof with no insulation." .

bldg:ThatchedRoof a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Thatched" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: thatched roof, which provides some inherent insulation." .

bldg:RoomInRoofInsulated a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Room-in-Roof, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: habitable room in the roof space with insulation." .

bldg:RoomInRoofNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "Room-in-Roof, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Roof type: habitable room in the roof space with no insulation." .

# --- Floor ---

bldg:Floor a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A ground floor element of a building's thermal envelope. Its construction type and insulation determine heat loss to the ground or external air." .

bldg:FloorState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Floor State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a floor, capturing its description, energy efficiency rating, and environmental efficiency rating at a point in time." .

bldg:ClassOfFloor a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for floor construction types. Instances represent construction and insulation combinations." .

bldg:SuspendedNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "Suspended, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: suspended timber floor with no insulation." .

bldg:SuspendedInsulated a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "Suspended, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: suspended timber floor with insulation between joists." .

bldg:SolidFloorNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "Solid, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: solid concrete floor with no insulation." .

bldg:SolidFloorLimitedInsulation a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "Solid, Limited Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: solid concrete floor with limited insulation." .

bldg:SolidFloorInsulated a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "Solid, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: solid concrete floor with full insulation." .

bldg:ToExternalAirInsulated a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "To External Air, Insulated" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: floor exposed to external air (e.g. over a garage or passageway) with insulation." .

bldg:ToExternalAirNoInsulation a bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "To External Air, No Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Floor type: floor exposed to external air with no insulation." .

# --- Window ---

bldg:Window a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Window" ;
    rdfs:comment "The glazing elements of a building's thermal envelope. Windows are a major source of heat loss and solar gain." .

bldg:WindowState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Window State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the windows, capturing description, glazing type, proportion, area, energy efficiency rating, and environmental efficiency rating." .

bldg:ClassOfWindow a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Window" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for window/glazing types." .

bldg:SingleGlazed a bldg:ClassOfWindow ;
    rdfs:label "Single Glazed" ;
    rdfs:comment "Window type: single-pane glazing with no insulating gap." .

bldg:DoubleGlazed a bldg:ClassOfWindow ;
    rdfs:label "Double Glazed" ;
    rdfs:comment "Window type: double-pane glazing with an insulating gas or air gap." .

bldg:TripleGlazed a bldg:ClassOfWindow ;
    rdfs:label "Triple Glazed" ;
    rdfs:comment "Window type: triple-pane glazing providing enhanced thermal insulation." .

bldg:SecondaryGlazing a bldg:ClassOfWindow ;
    rdfs:label "Secondary Glazing" ;
    rdfs:comment "Window type: secondary glazing added to existing single-glazed windows." .

# --- ClassOfGlazedArea (GLAZED_AREA — relative proportion) ---

bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Glazed Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for the relative glazed area of a dwelling compared to the typical amount for its type." .

bldg:NormalGlazedArea a bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea ;
    rdfs:label "Normal" ;
    rdfs:comment "Glazed area: typical for the dwelling type." .

bldg:MoreThanTypical a bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea ;
    rdfs:label "More Than Typical" ;
    rdfs:comment "Glazed area: more than typical for the dwelling type." .

bldg:MuchMoreThanTypical a bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea ;
    rdfs:label "Much More Than Typical" ;
    rdfs:comment "Glazed area: much more than typical for the dwelling type." .

bldg:LessThanTypical a bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea ;
    rdfs:label "Less Than Typical" ;
    rdfs:comment "Glazed area: less than typical for the dwelling type." .

# --- Door ---

bldg:Door a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Door" ;
    rdfs:comment "An external door element of a building's thermal envelope." .

bldg:DoorState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Door State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a door, capturing its type and condition." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 3: BUILDING SYSTEMS
# =============================================================================

bldg:BuildingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Building System" ;
    rdfs:comment "An installed system within a building that provides heating, hot water, lighting, ventilation, or renewable energy generation." .

# --- Main Heating System ---

bldg:HeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "The primary space heating system of a dwelling, comprising heat production (boiler, heat pump, electric heaters), distribution (radiators, underfloor, warm air), and controls." .

bldg:HeatingSystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Heating System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the main heating system, capturing its description, fuel type, energy efficiency, and environmental efficiency ratings." .

bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for main heating system types. Instances represent heat-production-plus-distribution combinations." .

bldg:BoilerRadiatorsMainsGas a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Boiler and Radiators, Mains Gas" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: gas-fired boiler distributing heat via wet radiator system." .

bldg:BoilerRadiatorsOil a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Boiler and Radiators, Oil" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: oil-fired boiler distributing heat via wet radiator system." .

bldg:BoilerRadiatorsLPG a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Boiler and Radiators, LPG" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: LPG-fired boiler distributing heat via wet radiator system." .

bldg:ElectricStorageHeaters a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Storage Heaters" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: electric storage heaters charging overnight on off-peak tariff." .

bldg:AirSourceHeatPump a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Air Source Heat Pump" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: air source heat pump (ASHP) extracting heat from outdoor air." .

bldg:GroundSourceHeatPump a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Ground Source Heat Pump" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: ground source heat pump (GSHP) extracting heat from the ground." .

bldg:GasWarmAir a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Warm Air" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: gas-fired warm air central heating." .

bldg:CommunityScheme a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Community Scheme" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: community or district heating scheme." .

bldg:MicroCHP a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Micro-CHP" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: micro combined heat and power unit generating both heat and electricity." .

bldg:RoomHeatersSolidFuel a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Room Heaters, Solid Fuel" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: solid fuel room heaters (e.g. wood-burning stoves, coal fires)." .

bldg:PortableElectricHeaters a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Portable Electric Heaters" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: portable electric heaters with no fixed installation." .

bldg:ElectricUnderfloorHeating a bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Underfloor Heating" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating type: electric underfloor heating elements embedded in the floor." .

# --- Main Fuel ---

bldg:ClassOfFuel a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Fuel" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for the main fuel type used by the heating system." .

bldg:MainsGas a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Mains Gas" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: piped natural gas from the mains network." .

bldg:Electricity a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Electricity" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: grid electricity." .

bldg:Oil a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Oil" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: heating oil (kerosene or gas oil)." .

bldg:LPG a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "LPG" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: liquefied petroleum gas stored on site." .

bldg:SolidFuel a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Fuel" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: coal, anthracite, or manufactured solid fuel." .

bldg:Biomass a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Biomass" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: biomass (wood pellets, wood chips, logs)." .

bldg:CommunityHeat a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Community Heat" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: heat delivered via a district or community heating network." .

bldg:BottledGas a bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "Bottled Gas" ;
    rdfs:comment "Fuel type: bottled LPG or propane." .

# --- Heating Controls ---

bldg:HeatingControls a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Controls" ;
    rdfs:comment "The heating control system, including programmer, room thermostat, and thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs)." .

bldg:HeatingControlsState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Controls State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the heating controls, capturing their description, energy efficiency, and environmental efficiency ratings." .

bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Heating Controls" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for heating control configurations." .

bldg:ProgrammerRoomThermostatTRVs a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "Programmer, Room Thermostat and TRVs" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: full set of programmer, room thermostat, and thermostatic radiator valves." .

bldg:ChargingControlTargetCharge a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "Charging Control and Target Charge Control" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: automatic charge control for storage heaters with target temperature." .

bldg:ProgrammerRoomThermostat a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "Programmer and Room Thermostat" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: programmer and room thermostat without TRVs." .

bldg:ProgrammerOnly a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "Programmer Only" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: time programmer only with no temperature feedback." .

bldg:RoomThermostatOnly a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "Room Thermostat Only" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: room thermostat only with no time control." .

bldg:NoHeatingControls a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "No Heating Controls" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heating controls: no thermostatic or time controls present." .

# --- Secondary Heating ---

bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Secondary Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A secondary or supplementary heating system, typically room heaters used in addition to the main system." .

bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Secondary Heating System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the secondary heating system, capturing its description and efficiency ratings." .

bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Secondary Heating" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for secondary heating system types." .

bldg:RoomHeatersElectric a bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "Room Heaters, Electric" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary heating: electric room heaters (fan heaters, convectors, radiant)." .

bldg:RoomHeatersGas a bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "Room Heaters, Mains Gas" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary heating: gas-fired room heaters." .

bldg:PortableHeaters a bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "Portable Heaters" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary heating: portable heaters of any fuel type." .

bldg:RoomHeatersSolidFuelSecondary a bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "Room Heaters, Solid Fuel" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary heating: solid fuel room heaters (stoves, open fires)." .

bldg:NoSecondaryHeating a bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "None" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary heating: no secondary heating system present." .

# --- Hot Water System ---

bldg:HotWaterSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water System" ;
    rdfs:comment "The domestic hot water system, providing hot water for washing and bathing." .

bldg:HotWaterSystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the hot water system, capturing its description, energy efficiency, and environmental efficiency ratings." .

bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Hot Water System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for hot water system types." .

bldg:FromMainSystem a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "From Main System" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: heated by the main heating boiler or heat pump." .

bldg:ElectricImmersionOffPeak a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Immersion, Off-Peak" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: electric immersion heater in a hot water cylinder, using off-peak tariff." .

bldg:ElectricImmersionOnPeak a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Immersion, On-Peak" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: electric immersion heater using standard tariff." .

bldg:GasMultipoint a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Multipoint" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: instantaneous gas multipoint water heater." .

bldg:SolarThermalHotWater a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Solar Thermal" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: solar thermal panels providing hot water, typically with backup." .

bldg:CommunityHotWater a bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Community Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water type: hot water from a community or district scheme." .

# --- Solar Thermal System ---

bldg:SolarThermalSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Solar Thermal System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A solar thermal collector system providing hot water heating." .

# --- Lighting System ---

bldg:LightingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting System" ;
    rdfs:comment "The fixed lighting installation within a dwelling." .

bldg:LightingSystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the lighting system, capturing its description, percentage of low-energy fittings, energy efficiency, and environmental efficiency ratings." .

bldg:ClassOfLightingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Lighting System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for lighting system types based on the proportion of low-energy fittings." .

# --- Ventilation System ---

bldg:VentilationSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Ventilation System" ;
    rdfs:comment "The ventilation system providing fresh air to the dwelling." .

bldg:VentilationSystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Ventilation System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of the ventilation system, capturing its type and configuration." .

bldg:ClassOfVentilationSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfElement ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Ventilation System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for ventilation types." .

bldg:NaturalVentilation a bldg:ClassOfVentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Natural Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation type: natural ventilation via windows, trickle vents, and passive stack." .

bldg:MechanicalExtract a bldg:ClassOfVentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Mechanical Extract" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation type: mechanical extract ventilation (MEV) removing air without heat recovery." .

bldg:MVHR a bldg:ClassOfVentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "MVHR" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation type: mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR), recovering heat from exhaust air." .

# --- Corridor heat loss ---

bldg:ClassOfCorridorType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Corridor Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for corridor heat loss conditions in flats — heated corridor, unheated corridor, or no corridor." .

bldg:HeatedCorridor a bldg:ClassOfCorridorType ;
    rdfs:label "Heated Corridor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Corridor type: the flat is accessed via a heated communal corridor." .

bldg:UnheatedCorridor a bldg:ClassOfCorridorType ;
    rdfs:label "Unheated Corridor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Corridor type: the flat is accessed via an unheated communal corridor." .

bldg:NoCorridor a bldg:ClassOfCorridorType ;
    rdfs:label "No Corridor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Corridor type: the dwelling is not accessed via a communal corridor." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 4: RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
# =============================================================================

bldg:RenewableEnergySystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuildingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Renewable Energy System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A renewable energy generation system installed at the dwelling, offsetting grid electricity consumption." .

bldg:RenewableEnergySystemState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Renewable Energy System State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a renewable energy system, capturing its capacity and performance." .

bldg:SolarPVSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RenewableEnergySystem ;
    rdfs:label "Solar PV System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A photovoltaic solar panel installation generating electricity from sunlight." .

bldg:WindTurbine a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RenewableEnergySystem ;
    rdfs:label "Wind Turbine" ;
    rdfs:comment "A domestic wind turbine generating electricity from wind." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 5: ADDRESS AND LOCATION
# =============================================================================

bldg:DwellingAddress a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Location ;
    rdfs:label "Dwelling Address" ;
    rdfs:comment "The postal address of a dwelling, comprising PAON, SAON, street, locality, town/city, district, county, and postcode." .

bldg:Postcode a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:GeoIdentity ;
    rdfs:label "Postcode" ;
    rdfs:comment "A UK postcode identifying the geographic area of a dwelling's address." .

bldg:LocalAuthority a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:GovernmentOrganisation ;
    rdfs:label "Local Authority" ;
    rdfs:comment "A UK local authority (council) with administrative jurisdiction over the area containing the dwelling." .

bldg:Constituency a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Location ;
    rdfs:label "Constituency" ;
    rdfs:comment "A UK parliamentary constituency containing the dwelling." .

bldg:LocalAuthorityArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Location ;
    rdfs:label "Local Authority Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "The administrative area of a local authority." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 6: IDENTIFIERS
# =============================================================================

bldg:BuildingReferenceNumber a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Identifier ;
    rdfs:label "Building Reference Number" ;
    rdfs:comment "The unique BUILDING_REFERENCE_NUMBER assigned to a dwelling within the EPC register." .

bldg:EPCCertificateNumber a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Identifier ;
    rdfs:label "EPC Certificate Number" ;
    rdfs:comment "The unique identifier of an individual Energy Performance Certificate." .

bldg:PAON a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Identifier ;
    rdfs:label "PAON" ;
    rdfs:comment "Primary Addressable Object Name — the house number or building name." .

bldg:SAON a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Identifier ;
    rdfs:label "SAON" ;
    rdfs:comment "Secondary Addressable Object Name — the flat number or unit identifier within a building." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 7: EPC ASSESSMENT (EVENT)
# =============================================================================

bldg:EPCAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Event ;
    rdfs:label "EPC Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An Energy Performance Certificate assessment event. An accredited assessor inspects the dwelling and produces a certificate with current and potential ratings." .

bldg:EPCCertificate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Document ;
    rdfs:label "EPC Certificate" ;
    rdfs:comment "An Energy Performance Certificate document produced as a result of an EPC assessment. Contains the energy rating, environmental impact rating, and recommendations." .

bldg:EPCAssessor a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:PersonState ;
    rdfs:label "EPC Assessor" ;
    rdfs:comment "The role of an accredited energy assessor qualified to carry out EPC inspections under the Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations." .

# --- Transaction Type ---

bldg:ClassOfTransaction a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Transaction" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for the reason an EPC was produced." .

bldg:MarketedSale a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "Marketed Sale" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a marketed property sale." .

bldg:NonMarketedSale a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "Non-Marketed Sale" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a non-marketed property sale." .

bldg:Rental a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "Rental" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a property rental (letting)." .

bldg:GreenDealAssessment a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "Assessment for Green Deal" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced as part of a Green Deal assessment." .

bldg:FiTApplication a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "FiT Application" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a Feed-in Tariff application." .

bldg:RHIApplication a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "RHI Application" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a Renewable Heat Incentive application." .

bldg:ECOAssessment a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "ECO Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for an Energy Company Obligation assessment." .

bldg:NewDwelling a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "New Dwelling" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced for a newly constructed dwelling." .

bldg:FollowingGreenDeal a bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "Following Green Deal" ;
    rdfs:comment "Transaction type: EPC produced following completion of Green Deal measures." .

# --- Tenure ---

bldg:ClassOfTenure a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Tenure" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for the tenure type of the dwelling." .

bldg:OwnerOccupied a bldg:ClassOfTenure ;
    rdfs:label "Owner-Occupied" ;
    rdfs:comment "Tenure type: the dwelling is occupied by the owner." .

bldg:RentedSocial a bldg:ClassOfTenure ;
    rdfs:label "Rented (Social)" ;
    rdfs:comment "Tenure type: the dwelling is rented from a social landlord (council or housing association)." .

bldg:RentedPrivate a bldg:ClassOfTenure ;
    rdfs:label "Rented (Private)" ;
    rdfs:comment "Tenure type: the dwelling is rented from a private landlord." .

bldg:Unknown a bldg:ClassOfTenure ;
    rdfs:label "Unknown" ;
    rdfs:comment "Tenure type: tenure is not known." .

# --- Bounding States for Assessment ---

bldg:AssessmentStart a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:BoundingState ;
    rdfs:label "Assessment Start" ;
    rdfs:comment "The bounding state marking the beginning of an EPC assessment inspection." .

bldg:AssessmentEnd a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:BoundingState ;
    rdfs:label "Assessment End" ;
    rdfs:comment "The bounding state marking the end of an EPC assessment, when the certificate is lodged." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 8: ENERGY PERFORMANCE MEASURES
# =============================================================================

# --- Energy Efficiency Rating (letter grade A-G) ---

bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Energy Rating" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for EPC energy efficiency letter grades from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient)." .

bldg:RatingA a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "A" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band A: SAP score 92-100. Most energy efficient." .

bldg:RatingB a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "B" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band B: SAP score 81-91." .

bldg:RatingC a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "C" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band C: SAP score 69-80." .

bldg:RatingD a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "D" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band D: SAP score 55-68." .

bldg:RatingE a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "E" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band E: SAP score 39-54." .

bldg:RatingF a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "F" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band F: SAP score 21-38." .

bldg:RatingG a bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "G" ;
    rdfs:comment "EPC rating band G: SAP score 1-20. Least energy efficient." .

# --- Component Efficiency Rating (Very Good to Very Poor) ---

bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class of Efficiency Rating" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classifier for component-level efficiency ratings on the five-point scale: Very Good, Good, Average, Poor, Very Poor." .

bldg:VeryGood a bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "Very Good" ;
    rdfs:comment "Component efficiency rating: Very Good — best performance band." .

bldg:Good a bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "Good" ;
    rdfs:comment "Component efficiency rating: Good." .

bldg:Average a bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "Average" ;
    rdfs:comment "Component efficiency rating: Average." .

bldg:Poor a bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "Poor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Component efficiency rating: Poor." .

bldg:VeryPoor a bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "Very Poor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Component efficiency rating: Very Poor — worst performance band." .

# --- Numeric Measures ---

bldg:SAPScore a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "SAP Score" ;
    rdfs:comment "The Standard Assessment Procedure score (1-100) quantifying the energy efficiency of the dwelling. Higher values indicate greater efficiency." .

bldg:EnvironmentalImpactScore a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Environmental Impact Score" ;
    rdfs:comment "The environmental impact rating (1-100) based on CO2 emissions. Higher values indicate lower environmental impact." .

bldg:CO2Emissions a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "CO2 Emissions" ;
    rdfs:comment "Annual CO2 emissions from the dwelling in tonnes per year." .

bldg:CO2EmissionsPerFloorArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "CO2 Emissions per Floor Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "Annual CO2 emissions per square metre of floor area in kg/m2/year." .

bldg:EnergyConsumption a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Energy Consumption" ;
    rdfs:comment "Annual energy consumption of the dwelling in kWh/m2/year." .

bldg:TotalFloorArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Total Floor Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "The total internal floor area of the dwelling in square metres." .

bldg:FloorHeight a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Height" ;
    rdfs:comment "The average storey height of the dwelling in metres." .

bldg:NumberOfRooms a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Number of Rooms" ;
    rdfs:comment "The total number of habitable rooms in the dwelling." .

bldg:NumberOfHeatedRooms a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Number of Heated Rooms" ;
    rdfs:comment "The number of habitable rooms that are heated by the main or secondary heating system." .

bldg:FloorLevel a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Level" ;
    rdfs:comment "The floor level of the dwelling entrance (for flats). Ground floor = 0." .

bldg:FlatStoreyCount a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Flat Storey Count" ;
    rdfs:comment "The number of storeys in the block containing the flat." .

bldg:ExtensionCount a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Extension Count" ;
    rdfs:comment "The number of extensions that have been added to the dwelling." .

bldg:NumberOfOpenFireplaces a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Number of Open Fireplaces" ;
    rdfs:comment "The count of open fireplaces, which contribute to ventilation heat loss." .

bldg:MultiGlazeProportion a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Multi-Glaze Proportion" ;
    rdfs:comment "The percentage of windows that have multiple glazing (0-100)." .

bldg:LowEnergyLightingPercentage a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Low Energy Lighting Percentage" ;
    rdfs:comment "The percentage of fixed lighting outlets fitted with low energy (LED/CFL) lamps (0-100)." .

bldg:PhotovoltaicPeakPower a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Photovoltaic Peak Power" ;
    rdfs:comment "The peak generating capacity of the solar PV installation in kilowatts (kWp)." .

bldg:WindTurbineCount a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Wind Turbine Count" ;
    rdfs:comment "The number of wind turbines installed at the dwelling." .

bldg:UnheatedCorridorLength a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Unheated Corridor Length" ;
    rdfs:comment "The length of the unheated corridor providing access to the flat, in metres." .

# --- Running Cost Measures ---

bldg:HeatingCost a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Cost" ;
    rdfs:comment "The estimated annual space heating running cost in pounds sterling per year." .

bldg:HotWaterCost a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water Cost" ;
    rdfs:comment "The estimated annual hot water running cost in pounds sterling per year." .

bldg:LightingCost a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting Cost" ;
    rdfs:comment "The estimated annual lighting running cost in pounds sterling per year." .

bldg:EnergyTariff a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Characteristic ;
    rdfs:label "Energy Tariff" ;
    rdfs:comment "The energy tariff type used for cost calculations (e.g. standard, off-peak, Economy 7)." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 9: RETROFIT AND IMPROVEMENT EVENTS
# =============================================================================

bldg:RetrofitEvent a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Event ;
    rdfs:label "Retrofit Event" ;
    rdfs:comment "An energy improvement measure applied to a dwelling, such as insulation upgrade, heating system replacement, or renewable installation." .

bldg:InsulationUpgrade a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Insulation Upgrade" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit event involving the installation or improvement of insulation in walls, roof, or floor." .

bldg:HeatingSystemReplacement a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Heating System Replacement" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit event involving the replacement of the main heating system." .

bldg:WindowUpgrade a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Window Upgrade" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit event involving the replacement or upgrade of windows to improve thermal performance." .

bldg:RenewableInstallation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Renewable Installation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit event involving the installation of a renewable energy system (solar PV, wind turbine, solar thermal)." .

bldg:LightingUpgrade a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting Upgrade" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit event involving the replacement of lighting with low-energy fittings." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 10: OBJECT PROPERTIES
# =============================================================================

# --- Structural composition (building has envelope elements and systems) ---

bldg:hasWall a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Wall ;
    rdfs:label "has wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its external wall elements." .

bldg:hasRoof a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Roof ;
    rdfs:label "has roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its roof element." .

bldg:hasFloor a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Floor ;
    rdfs:label "has floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its ground floor element." .

bldg:hasWindow a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Window ;
    rdfs:label "has window" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its window/glazing elements." .

bldg:hasDoor a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isPartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Door ;
    rdfs:label "has door" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its external door elements." .

bldg:hasHeatingSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has heating system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its main heating system." .

bldg:hasSecondaryHeatingSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has secondary heating system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its secondary heating system." .

bldg:hasHeatingControls a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "has heating controls" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its heating control system." .

bldg:hasHotWaterSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has hot water system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its domestic hot water system." .

bldg:hasLightingSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:LightingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has lighting system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its fixed lighting installation." .

bldg:hasVentilationSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:VentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has ventilation system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its ventilation system." .

bldg:hasRenewableEnergySystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:RenewableEnergySystem ;
    rdfs:label "has renewable energy system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to an installed renewable energy system." .

bldg:hasSolarThermalSystem a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:SolarThermalSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has solar thermal system" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its solar thermal hot water system." .

# --- Classification properties ---

bldg:hasBuildingType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "has building type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a building by its property type (Detached, Semi-Detached, Terraced, Flat). Maps to EPC PROPERTY_TYPE." .

bldg:hasBuiltForm a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfBuiltForm ;
    rdfs:label "has built form" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a building by its detailed built form. Maps to EPC BUILT_FORM." .

bldg:hasConstructionAge a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfConstructionAge ;
    rdfs:label "has construction age" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a building by its construction age band. Maps to EPC CONSTRUCTION_AGE_BAND." .

bldg:hasWallType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:WallState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "has wall type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a wall state by its construction and insulation type. Maps to EPC WALLS_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasRoofType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RoofState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfRoof ;
    rdfs:label "has roof type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a roof state by its form and insulation. Maps to EPC ROOF_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasFloorType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:FloorState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfFloor ;
    rdfs:label "has floor type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a floor state by its construction and insulation. Maps to EPC FLOOR_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasGlazingType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:WindowState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfWindow ;
    rdfs:label "has glazing type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a window state by its glazing type. Maps to EPC GLAZED_TYPE." .

bldg:hasGlazedArea a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:WindowState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfGlazedArea ;
    rdfs:label "has glazed area" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a window state by its relative glazed area. Maps to EPC GLAZED_AREA." .

bldg:hasHeatingSystemType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has heating system type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a heating system state by its type. Maps to EPC MAINHEAT_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasMainFuel a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfFuel ;
    rdfs:label "has main fuel" ;
    rdfs:comment "Identifies the main fuel used by the heating system. Maps to EPC MAIN_FUEL." .

bldg:hasHeatingControlsType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingControlsState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfHeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "has heating controls type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a heating controls state by its configuration. Maps to EPC MAINHEATCONT_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasSecondaryHeatingType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfSecondaryHeating ;
    rdfs:label "has secondary heating type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a secondary heating system state by its type. Maps to EPC SECONDHEAT_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasHotWaterSystemType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HotWaterSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfHotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has hot water system type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a hot water system state by its type. Maps to EPC HOTWATER_DESCRIPTION." .

bldg:hasVentilationType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:VentilationSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfVentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "has ventilation type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies a ventilation system state by its type. Maps to EPC MECHANICAL_VENTILATION." .

bldg:hasCorridorType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfCorridorType ;
    rdfs:label "has corridor type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Classifies the corridor heat loss condition for flats. Maps to EPC HEAT_LOSS_CORRIDOOR." .

bldg:hasTransactionType a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfTransaction ;
    rdfs:label "has transaction type" ;
    rdfs:comment "Identifies the reason for the EPC assessment. Maps to EPC TRANSACTION_TYPE." .

bldg:hasTenure a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfTenure ;
    rdfs:label "has tenure" ;
    rdfs:comment "Identifies the tenure type of the dwelling. Maps to EPC TENURE." .

bldg:hasCurrentEnergyRating a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "has current energy rating" ;
    rdfs:comment "The current EPC energy rating band (A-G). Maps to EPC CURRENT_ENERGY_RATING." .

bldg:hasPotentialEnergyRating a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfEnergyRating ;
    rdfs:label "has potential energy rating" ;
    rdfs:comment "The potential EPC energy rating band (A-G) achievable with recommended improvements. Maps to EPC POTENTIAL_ENERGY_RATING." .

# --- Efficiency ratings for components ---

bldg:hasEnergyEfficiency a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain ies:State ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "has energy efficiency" ;
    rdfs:comment "The energy efficiency rating (Very Good to Very Poor) of a building component in its current state. Maps to EPC *_ENERGY_EFF columns." .

bldg:hasEnvironmentalEfficiency a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain ies:State ;
    rdfs:range bldg:ClassOfEfficiencyRating ;
    rdfs:label "has environmental efficiency" ;
    rdfs:comment "The environmental efficiency rating (Very Good to Very Poor) of a building component in its current state. Maps to EPC *_ENV_EFF columns." .

# --- State relationships ---

bldg:isBuildingStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:label "is building state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal building state to the whole-life building entity." .

bldg:isWallStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:WallState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Wall ;
    rdfs:label "is wall state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal wall state to the whole-life wall entity." .

bldg:isRoofStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RoofState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Roof ;
    rdfs:label "is roof state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal roof state to the whole-life roof entity." .

bldg:isFloorStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:FloorState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Floor ;
    rdfs:label "is floor state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal floor state to the whole-life floor entity." .

bldg:isWindowStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:WindowState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Window ;
    rdfs:label "is window state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal window state to the whole-life window entity." .

bldg:isDoorStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DoorState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Door ;
    rdfs:label "is door state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal door state to the whole-life door entity." .

bldg:isHeatingSystemStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "is heating system state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal heating system state to the whole-life heating system entity." .

bldg:isSecondaryHeatingStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:SecondaryHeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "is secondary heating state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal secondary heating system state to the whole-life entity." .

bldg:isHeatingControlsStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingControlsState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HeatingControls ;
    rdfs:label "is heating controls state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal heating controls state to the whole-life heating controls entity." .

bldg:isHotWaterSystemStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HotWaterSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:HotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "is hot water system state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal hot water system state to the whole-life hot water system entity." .

bldg:isLightingSystemStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:LightingSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:LightingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "is lighting system state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal lighting system state to the whole-life lighting system entity." .

bldg:isVentilationSystemStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:VentilationSystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:VentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "is ventilation system state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal ventilation system state to the whole-life ventilation system entity." .

bldg:isRenewableSystemStateOf a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStateOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RenewableEnergySystemState ;
    rdfs:range bldg:RenewableEnergySystem ;
    rdfs:label "is renewable system state of" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a temporal renewable energy system state to the whole-life entity." .

# --- Assessment and certificate relationships ---

bldg:assessedBuilding a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:label "assessed building" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates an EPC assessment event to the building that was assessed." .

bldg:producedCertificate a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range bldg:EPCCertificate ;
    rdfs:label "produced certificate" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates an EPC assessment to the certificate it produced." .

bldg:conductedBy a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range bldg:EPCAssessor ;
    rdfs:label "conducted by" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates an EPC assessment to the accredited assessor who carried it out." .

bldg:resultsInBuildingState a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:label "results in building state" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates an EPC assessment to the building state snapshot it captured." .

# --- Location and address ---

bldg:hasAddress a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:inLocation ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:label "has address" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its postal address." .

bldg:inLocalAuthority a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:inLocation ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:LocalAuthorityArea ;
    rdfs:label "in local authority" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to the local authority area it is located in. Maps to EPC LOCAL_AUTHORITY." .

bldg:inConstituency a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:inLocation ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Constituency ;
    rdfs:label "in constituency" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to the parliamentary constituency it is located in. Maps to EPC CONSTITUENCY." .

bldg:administeredBy a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:LocalAuthorityArea ;
    rdfs:range bldg:LocalAuthority ;
    rdfs:label "administered by" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a local authority area to the local authority governing it." .

# --- Identifier relationships ---

bldg:hasBuildingReferenceNumber a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isIdentifiedBy ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:range bldg:BuildingReferenceNumber ;
    rdfs:label "has building reference number" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a building to its unique EPC register reference number. Maps to EPC BUILDING_REFERENCE_NUMBER." .

bldg:hasCertificateNumber a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isIdentifiedBy ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCCertificate ;
    rdfs:range bldg:EPCCertificateNumber ;
    rdfs:label "has certificate number" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates an EPC certificate to its unique certificate number." .

bldg:hasPostcode a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isIdentifiedBy ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Postcode ;
    rdfs:label "has postcode" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a dwelling address to its UK postcode. Maps to EPC postcode." .

bldg:hasPAON a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isIdentifiedBy ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range bldg:PAON ;
    rdfs:label "has PAON" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a dwelling address to its Primary Addressable Object Name. Maps to EPC paon." .

bldg:hasSAON a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isIdentifiedBy ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range bldg:SAON ;
    rdfs:label "has SAON" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a dwelling address to its Secondary Addressable Object Name. Maps to EPC saon." .

# --- Measure relationships ---

bldg:hasMeasure a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain ies:State ;
    rdfs:range ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "has measure" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a state to a measurement taken during that state." .

# --- Retrofit event relationships ---

bldg:retrofitTarget a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:relationship ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:range bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:label "retrofit target" ;
    rdfs:comment "Relates a retrofit event to the building it was applied to." .

bldg:retrofitStartState a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isStartOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:range bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:label "retrofit start state" ;
    rdfs:comment "The building state before the retrofit was applied." .

bldg:retrofitEndState a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:isEndOf ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:range bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:label "retrofit end state" ;
    rdfs:comment "The building state after the retrofit was applied." .

# =============================================================================
# SECTION 11: DATA PROPERTIES
# =============================================================================

# --- Address data properties ---

bldg:streetName a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "street name" ;
    rdfs:comment "The street name of the dwelling address. Maps to EPC street." .

bldg:locality a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "locality" ;
    rdfs:comment "The locality or village name. Maps to EPC locality." .

bldg:townCity a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "town or city" ;
    rdfs:comment "The town or city. Maps to EPC towncity." .

bldg:district a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "district" ;
    rdfs:comment "The district. Maps to EPC district." .

bldg:county a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:DwellingAddress ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "county" ;
    rdfs:comment "The county. Maps to EPC county." .

# --- Identifier representation values ---

bldg:postcodeValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Postcode ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "postcode value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The string value of the postcode (e.g. 'SW1A 1AA')." .

bldg:paonValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:PAON ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "PAON value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The string value of the Primary Addressable Object Name." .

bldg:saonValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:SAON ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "SAON value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The string value of the Secondary Addressable Object Name." .

bldg:buildingReferenceValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingReferenceNumber ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "building reference value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The string value of the building reference number." .

bldg:certificateNumberValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCCertificateNumber ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "certificate number value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The string value of the EPC certificate number." .

bldg:localAuthorityCode a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:LocalAuthorityArea ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "local authority code" ;
    rdfs:comment "The ONS code for the local authority. Maps to EPC LOCAL_AUTHORITY." .

bldg:constituencyName a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:Constituency ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "constituency name" ;
    rdfs:comment "The name of the parliamentary constituency. Maps to EPC CONSTITUENCY." .

# --- Numeric measure values ---

bldg:measureValue a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:range xsd:decimal ;
    rdfs:label "measure value" ;
    rdfs:comment "The numeric value of a measurement." .

bldg:measureUnit a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "measure unit" ;
    rdfs:comment "The unit of measurement (e.g. 'm2', 'kWh/m2/year', 'tonnes/year', 'GBP/year')." .

# --- Description data properties (free-text from EPC) ---

bldg:descriptionText a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain ies:State ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "description text" ;
    rdfs:comment "The free-text description from the EPC (e.g. WALLS_DESCRIPTION, MAINHEAT_DESCRIPTION). Captures the assessor's narrative description of the component." .

# --- Date properties ---

bldg:inspectionDate a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range xsd:date ;
    rdfs:label "inspection date" ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which the energy assessment inspection was carried out. Maps to EPC inspectiondate." .

bldg:lodgementDate a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:range xsd:date ;
    rdfs:label "lodgement date" ;
    rdfs:comment "The date on which the EPC was lodged on the register. Maps to EPC lodgementdate." .

# --- Boolean flags ---

bldg:mainsGasFlag a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
    rdfs:label "mains gas flag" ;
    rdfs:comment "Whether the dwelling is connected to the mains gas network. Maps to EPC MAINS_GAS_FLAG." .

bldg:solarWaterHeatingFlag a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
    rdfs:label "solar water heating flag" ;
    rdfs:comment "Whether the dwelling has solar water heating. Maps to EPC SOLAR_WATER_HEATING_FLAG." .

bldg:flatTopStorey a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:boolean ;
    rdfs:label "flat top storey" ;
    rdfs:comment "Whether the flat is on the top storey of the building. Maps to EPC FLAT_TOP_STOREY." .

# --- Heating controls numeric code ---

bldg:mainHeatingControlsCode a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:HeatingControlsState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
    rdfs:label "main heating controls code" ;
    rdfs:comment "The numeric code identifying the heating controls configuration. Maps to EPC MAIN_HEATING_CONTROLS." .

# --- Energy tariff value ---

bldg:energyTariffDescription a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:representationValue ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:EnergyTariff ;
    rdfs:range xsd:string ;
    rdfs:label "energy tariff description" ;
    rdfs:comment "The description of the energy tariff used for cost calculations. Maps to EPC ENERGY_TARIFF." .

# --- Room counts ---

bldg:numberOfRooms a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
    rdfs:label "number of rooms" ;
    rdfs:comment "The total number of habitable rooms in the dwelling. Maps to EPC numberrooms." .

bldg:numberOfHeatedRooms a rdf:Property ;
    rdfs:subPropertyOf ies:attribute ;
    rdfs:domain bldg:BuildingState ;
    rdfs:range xsd:integer ;
    rdfs:label "number of heated rooms" ;
    rdfs:comment "The number of habitable rooms with fixed heating in the dwelling. Maps to EPC NUMBER_HEATED_ROOMS." .

# =============================================================================
# END OF ONTOLOGY
# =============================================================================
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessmentEndState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assessment End State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Assessment End." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfAssessmentEnd> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Assessment End" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Assessment End types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessmentStartState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assessment Start State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Assessment Start." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfAssessmentStart> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Assessment Start" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Assessment Start types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BuildingSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Building System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Building System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfBuildingSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Building System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Building System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfDoor> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Door" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Door types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ExtensionCountState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Extension Count State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Extension Count." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfExtensionCount> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Extension Count" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Extension Count types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FlatStoreyCountState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Flat Storey Count State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Flat Storey Count." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfFlatStoreyCount> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Flat Storey Count" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Flat Storey Count types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#LowEnergyLightingPercentageState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Low Energy Lighting Percentage State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Low Energy Lighting Percentage." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfLowEnergyLightingPercentage> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Low Energy Lighting Percentage" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Low Energy Lighting Percentage types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#NumberOfHeatedRoomsState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Number Of Heated Rooms State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Number Of Heated Rooms." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfNumberOfHeatedRooms> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Number Of Heated Rooms" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Number Of Heated Rooms types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#NumberOfOpenFireplacesState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Number Of Open Fireplaces State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Number Of Open Fireplaces." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfNumberOfOpenFireplaces> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Number Of Open Fireplaces" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Number Of Open Fireplaces types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#NumberOfRoomsState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Number Of Rooms State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Number Of Rooms." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfNumberOfRooms> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Number Of Rooms" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Number Of Rooms types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#PAONState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "P A O N State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a P A O N." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfPAON> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of P A O N" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of P A O N types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#PhotovoltaicPeakPowerState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Photovoltaic Peak Power State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Photovoltaic Peak Power." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfPhotovoltaicPeakPower> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Photovoltaic Peak Power" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Photovoltaic Peak Power types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRenewableEnergySystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Renewable Energy System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Renewable Energy System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SAONState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "S A O N State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a S A O N." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSAON> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of S A O N" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of S A O N types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSecondaryHeatingSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Secondary Heating System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Secondary Heating System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolarPVSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solar P V System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Solar P V System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSolarPVSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Solar P V System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Solar P V System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolarThermalSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solar Thermal System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Solar Thermal System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSolarThermalSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Solar Thermal System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Solar Thermal System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UnheatedCorridorLengthState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Unheated Corridor Length State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Unheated Corridor Length." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfUnheatedCorridorLength> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Unheated Corridor Length" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Unheated Corridor Length types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindTurbineState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wind Turbine State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Wind Turbine." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWindTurbine> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Wind Turbine" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Wind Turbine types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindTurbineCountState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wind Turbine Count State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Wind Turbine Count." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWindTurbineCount> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Wind Turbine Count" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Wind Turbine Count types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wall Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A distinct section of a Wall that may differ from other sections." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Wall> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallSectionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wall Section State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Wall section." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWallSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Wall Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Wall section types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallConstruction> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wall Construction" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A ClassOfEntity for Wall construction methods." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to a Wall." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Wall Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of Wall insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Wall insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Roof Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A distinct section of a Roof that may differ from other sections." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Roof> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofSectionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Roof Section State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Roof section." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRoofSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Roof Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Roof section types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofConstruction> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Roof Construction" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A ClassOfEntity for Roof construction methods." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Roof Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to a Roof." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Roof Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of Roof insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRoofInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Roof Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Roof insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Floor Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A distinct section of a Floor that may differ from other sections." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Floor> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorSectionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Floor Section State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Floor section." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfFloorSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Floor Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Floor section types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorConstruction> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Floor Construction" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A ClassOfEntity for Floor construction methods." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to a Floor." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Floor Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of Floor insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfFloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Floor insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindowSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Window Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A distinct section of a Window that may differ from other sections." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Window> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindowSectionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Window Section State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Window section." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWindowSection> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Window Section" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Window section types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindowConstruction> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Window Construction" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A ClassOfEntity for Window construction methods." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindowInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Window Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to a Window." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WindowInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Window Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of Window insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWindowInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Window Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Window insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessWalls> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Walls" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of wall construction and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessRoof> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Roof" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of roof construction and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessFloor> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Floor" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of floor construction and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessWindows> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Windows" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of window glazing and condition." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessHeating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Heating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of the main heating system." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessHotWater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Hot Water" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of the hot water system." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessLighting> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Lighting" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of the lighting system." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AssessVentilation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Assess Ventilation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An assessment of the ventilation system." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CalculateSAPRating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Calculate S A P Rating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The calculation producing the SAP energy rating." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CalculateEnvironmentalImpact> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Calculate Environmental Impact" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The calculation producing the environmental impact rating." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Event> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllWallsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Walls Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The set of all walls in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllRoofsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Roofs Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The set of all roof elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllFloorsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Floors Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The set of all floor elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllWindowsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Windows Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The set of all windows in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Finite Class Of Element" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A finite collection of building elements within a single building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UPRN> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "UPRN" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Unique Property Reference Number from UK Ordnance Survey." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#GeoIdentity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UDPRN> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "UDPRN" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Unique Delivery Point Reference Number from Royal Mail." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Identifier> .
# ========== Spatial Hierarchy ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Structure> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Structure" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A physical built structure that may contain one or more dwellings." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StructureState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Structure State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Structure." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfStructure> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Structure" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Structure types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StructureUnit> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Structure Unit" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A self-contained unit within a structure, such as a flat or maisonette." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Structure> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StructureUnitState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Structure Unit State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Structure Unit." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfStructureUnit> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Structure Unit" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Structure Unit types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Storey> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Storey" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A floor level within a structure." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StoreyState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Storey State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Storey." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfStorey> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Storey" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Storey types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Space> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Space" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A room or area within a structure unit." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SpaceState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Space State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Space." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSpace> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Space" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Space types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AddressableLocation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Addressable Location" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A location that may be identified by a postal address." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Location> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AddressableLocationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Addressable Location State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Addressable Location." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfAddressableLocation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Addressable Location" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Addressable Location types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

# ========== Common Superclasses ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Fabric Element" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A component of the building thermal envelope (wall, roof, floor, window, door)." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElementState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Fabric Element State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Fabric Element." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfFabricElement> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Fabric Element" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Fabric Element types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Technical System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A building services system (heating, hot water, lighting, ventilation)." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#Asset> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Technical System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Technical System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfTechnicalSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Technical System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Technical System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Wall> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Roof> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Floor> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Window> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Door> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingSystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#LightingSystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#VentilationSystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SecondaryHeatingSystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingControls> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .
<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RenewableEnergySystem> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> .

# ========== Heating Production Subtypes ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Production System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The component of a heating system that generates heat." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Production System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Heat Production System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfHeatProductionSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Heat Production System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Heat Production System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BoilerSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Boiler System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A heating system using a boiler to heat water circulated to radiators or underfloor pipes." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BoilerSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Boiler System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Boiler System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfBoilerSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Boiler System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Boiler System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CondensingBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Condensing Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A high-efficiency boiler that recovers heat from exhaust gases." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BoilerSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CondensingBoilerState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Condensing Boiler State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Condensing Boiler." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfCondensingBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Condensing Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Condensing Boiler types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CombiBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Combi Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A combination boiler providing both space heating and hot water without a separate tank." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BoilerSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CombiBoilerState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Combi Boiler State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Combi Boiler." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfCombiBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Combi Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Combi Boiler types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BackBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Back Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A boiler fitted behind a fireplace or room heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BoilerSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#BackBoilerState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Back Boiler State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Back Boiler." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfBackBoiler> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Back Boiler" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Back Boiler types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A system that extracts heat from an external source and delivers it to the dwelling." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatPumpState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Pump State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Heat Pump." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Heat Pump types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AirSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Air Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A heat pump extracting heat from outside air." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatPump> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AirSourceHeatPumpState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Air Source Heat Pump State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Air Source Heat Pump." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfAirSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Air Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Air Source Heat Pump types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#GroundSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Ground Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A heat pump extracting heat from the ground via buried pipes." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatPump> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#GroundSourceHeatPumpState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Ground Source Heat Pump State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Ground Source Heat Pump." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfGroundSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Ground Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Ground Source Heat Pump types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WaterSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Water Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A heat pump extracting heat from a body of water." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatPump> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WaterSourceHeatPumpState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Water Source Heat Pump State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Water Source Heat Pump." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWaterSourceHeatPump> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Water Source Heat Pump" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Water Source Heat Pump types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricStorageHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Storage Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An electric heater that stores heat during off-peak hours and releases it during the day." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricStorageHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Storage Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Electric Storage Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfElectricStorageHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Electric Storage Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Electric Storage Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricPanelHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Panel Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A wall-mounted electric convection heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricPanelHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Panel Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Electric Panel Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfElectricPanelHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Electric Panel Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Electric Panel Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricUnderfloorHeating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Underfloor Heating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Electric heating elements embedded in or under the floor." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricUnderfloorHeatingState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Underfloor Heating State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Electric Underfloor Heating." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfElectricUnderfloorHeating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Electric Underfloor Heating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Electric Underfloor Heating types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WarmAirSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Warm Air System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A system distributing heated air through ducts." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WarmAirSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Warm Air System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Warm Air System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWarmAirSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Warm Air System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Warm Air System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CommunityHeatingScheme> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Community Heating Scheme" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A district or communal heating system serving multiple dwellings." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CommunityHeatingSchemeState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Community Heating Scheme State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Community Heating Scheme." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfCommunityHeatingScheme> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Community Heating Scheme" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Community Heating Scheme types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#MicroCHP> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Micro-CHP" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A micro combined heat and power unit generating both heat and electricity." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#MicroCHPState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Micro-CHP State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Micro-CHP." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfMicroCHP> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Micro-CHP" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Micro-CHP types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoomHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Room Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A standalone heater for a single room, using gas, electric, or solid fuel." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoomHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Room Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Room Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRoomHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Room Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Room Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#PortableHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Portable Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A moveable electric heater not permanently installed." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#PortableHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Portable Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Portable Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfPortableHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Portable Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Portable Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

# ========== Heat Distribution Subtypes ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Distribution System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The component that delivers heat from the production system to the rooms." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Heat Distribution System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Heat Distribution System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfHeatDistributionSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Heat Distribution System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Heat Distribution System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RadiatorSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Radiator System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Heat distribution via wall-mounted radiators with circulating hot water." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RadiatorSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Radiator System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Radiator System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRadiatorSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Radiator System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Radiator System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UnderfloorWetSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Underfloor Wet System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Heat distribution via hot water pipes embedded in the floor." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UnderfloorWetSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Underfloor Wet System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Underfloor Wet System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfUnderfloorWetSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Underfloor Wet System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Underfloor Wet System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WarmAirDistribution> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Warm Air Distribution" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Heat distribution via ducted warm air." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WarmAirDistributionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Warm Air Distribution State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Warm Air Distribution." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfWarmAirDistribution> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Warm Air Distribution" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Warm Air Distribution types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ConvectorSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Convector System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Heat distribution via convector units." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ConvectorSystemState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Convector System State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Convector System." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfConvectorSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Convector System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Convector System types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SteamDistribution> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Steam Distribution" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Heat distribution via steam pipes and radiators." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SteamDistributionState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Steam Distribution State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Steam Distribution." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSteamDistribution> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Steam Distribution" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Steam Distribution types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

# ========== Hot Water Subtypes ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricImmersionHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Immersion Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An electric element immersed in a hot water cylinder." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ElectricImmersionHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Electric Immersion Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Electric Immersion Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfElectricImmersionHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Electric Immersion Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Electric Immersion Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#GasMultipoint> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Gas Multipoint" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A gas-fired instantaneous water heater serving multiple outlets." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#GasMultipointState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Gas Multipoint State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Gas Multipoint." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfGasMultipoint> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Gas Multipoint" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Gas Multipoint types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InstantaneousWaterHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Instantaneous Water Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A water heater that heats water on demand without storage." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InstantaneousWaterHeaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Instantaneous Water Heater State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Instantaneous Water Heater." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfInstantaneousWaterHeater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Instantaneous Water Heater" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Instantaneous Water Heater types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolarThermalPanel> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solar Thermal Panel" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A panel that heats water using solar energy." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolarThermalPanelState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solar Thermal Panel State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Solar Thermal Panel." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSolarThermalPanel> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Solar Thermal Panel" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Solar Thermal Panel types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CommunityHotWater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Community Hot Water" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Hot water supplied by a communal or district system." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HotWaterSystem> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CommunityHotWaterState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Community Hot Water State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Community Hot Water." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfCommunityHotWater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Community Hot Water" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Community Hot Water types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

# ========== Insulation Subtypes ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CavityWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Cavity Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation material injected into or placed within a cavity wall." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CavityWallInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Cavity Wall Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Cavity Wall Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfCavityWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Cavity Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Cavity Wall Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ExternalWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "External Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to the outside face of a wall." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ExternalWallInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "External Wall Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a External Wall Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfExternalWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of External Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of External Wall Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InternalWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Internal Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to the inside face of a wall." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#WallInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InternalWallInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Internal Wall Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Internal Wall Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfInternalWallInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Internal Wall Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Internal Wall Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#LoftInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Loft Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation laid between or over ceiling joists in a loft space." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#LoftInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Loft Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Loft Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfLoftInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Loft Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Loft Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RafterInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Rafter Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation fitted between or over roof rafters." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RafterInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Rafter Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Rafter Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfRafterInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Rafter Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Rafter Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FlatRoofInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Flat Roof Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied to a flat roof structure." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RoofInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FlatRoofInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Flat Roof Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Flat Roof Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfFlatRoofInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Flat Roof Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Flat Roof Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SuspendedFloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Suspended Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation fitted between joists of a suspended floor." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SuspendedFloorInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Suspended Floor Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Suspended Floor Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSuspendedFloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Suspended Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Suspended Floor Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolidFloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solid Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Insulation applied above or below a solid concrete floor." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FloorInsulation> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#SolidFloorInsulationState> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Solid Floor Insulation State" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A temporal state of a Solid Floor Insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#State> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#ClassOfSolidFloorInsulation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Class Of Solid Floor Insulation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A classification of Solid Floor Insulation types." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

# ========== Certificate Subtypes ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UKDomesticEPC> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "UK Domestic EPC" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An Energy Performance Certificate for a domestic dwelling in the UK." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCCertificate> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#UKNonDomesticEPC> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "UK Non-Domestic EPC" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An Energy Performance Certificate for a non-domestic building in the UK." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCCertificate> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#DisplayEnergyCertificate> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Display Energy Certificate" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A certificate showing the actual energy use of a public building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCCertificate> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#RecommendationReport> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Recommendation Report" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A report of recommended improvement measures accompanying an EPC." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCCertificate> .

# ========== Assessment Activities ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectWalls> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Walls" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine wall construction type and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectRoof> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Roof" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine roof construction and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectFloor> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Floor" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine floor construction and insulation." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectWindows> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Windows" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine glazing type, proportion, and area." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectHeating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Heating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine main heating system, fuel, and controls." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectHotWater> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Hot Water" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine hot water system type." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectLighting> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Lighting" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine lighting type and low-energy proportion." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#InspectVentilation> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Inspect Ventilation" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine ventilation type and corridors." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#MeasureFloorArea> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Measure Floor Area" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: measure or estimate total floor area." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CountFireplaces> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Count Fireplaces" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: count open fireplaces." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#DetermineAge> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Determine Age" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine construction age band." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#DetermineBuiltForm> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Determine Built Form" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Assessment activity: determine the built form (detached, semi, etc.)." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CalculateSAPRating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Calculate SAP Rating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Calculation producing the SAP energy performance score." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CalculateEIRating> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Calculate EI Rating" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Calculation producing the Environmental Impact rating." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#CalculateCO2Emissions> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Calculate CO2 Emissions" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Calculation estimating annual CO2 emissions." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EstimateRunningCosts> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Estimate Running Costs" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Calculation estimating annual heating, hot water, and lighting costs." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#EPCAssessment> .

# ========== Aggregate Collections ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Finite Class Of Element" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "A collection of all elements of a given type within a particular dwelling." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#ClassOfEntity> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllWallsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Walls Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The finite class of all Wall elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllRoofsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Roofs Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The finite class of all Roof elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllFloorsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Floors Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The finite class of all Floor elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllWindowsOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Windows Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The finite class of all Window elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#AllFireplacesOfBuilding> a <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Class> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "All Fireplaces Of Building" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The finite class of all Fireplace elements in a particular building." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FiniteClassOfElement> .

# ========== Additional Properties ==========

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#hasHeatProduction> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "has Heat Production" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a heating system to its heat production component." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingSystem> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatProductionSystem> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#hasHeatDistribution> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "has Heat Distribution" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a heating system to its heat distribution component." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatingSystem> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#HeatDistributionSystem> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#containsUnit> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "contains Unit" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a structure to a structure unit it contains." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Structure> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StructureUnit> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#containsStorey> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "contains Storey" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a structure to a storey within it." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Structure> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Storey> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#containsSpace> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "contains Space" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a structure unit to a space within it." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#StructureUnit> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Space> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#hasFabricElement> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "has Fabric Element" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a building to a component of its thermal envelope." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Building> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#FabricElement> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .

<http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#hasTechnicalSystem> a <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "has Technical System" ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Links a building to one of its building services systems." ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#domain> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#Building> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#range> <http://example.org/ontology/ies-building#TechnicalSystem> ;
    <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subPropertyOf> <http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#relationship> .


# =============================================================================
# HIERARCHY DEEPENING — intermediate grouping classes from building science
# These add depth to subClassOf chains, increasing RDFS inference.
# Every class here is a standard building science classification.
# =============================================================================

# --- Heating system groupings (how heat reaches rooms) ---

bldg:CentralHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Central Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A whole-house heating system with a central heat source and distribution network delivering heat to multiple rooms." .

bldg:SpaceHeater a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Space Heater" ;
    rdfs:comment "A standalone heater providing warmth to a single room or space, without a distribution network." .

# Reparent: BoilerSystem, HeatPump, CommunityHeatingScheme, WarmAirSystem are central
# RoomHeater, PortableHeater, ElectricStorageHeater are space heaters

bldg:BoilerSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHeatingSystem .
bldg:WarmAirSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHeatingSystem .
bldg:CommunityHeatingScheme rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHeatingSystem .
bldg:MicroCHP rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHeatingSystem .
bldg:HeatPump rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHeatingSystem .

bldg:RoomHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SpaceHeater .
bldg:PortableHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SpaceHeater .

# --- Heating by energy source (combustion vs electric) ---

bldg:CombustionHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatProductionSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Combustion Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A heat production system that burns fuel (gas, oil, LPG, solid fuel, biomass) to generate heat." .

bldg:ElectricHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatProductionSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A heat production system that converts electricity directly to heat via resistance elements." .

bldg:BoilerSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CombustionHeatingSystem .
bldg:ElectricStorageHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ElectricHeatingSystem .
bldg:ElectricPanelHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ElectricHeatingSystem .
bldg:ElectricUnderfloorHeating rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ElectricHeatingSystem .

# --- Heating by heat delivery method ---

bldg:RadiantHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Radiant Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A heating system that delivers heat primarily by thermal radiation (infrared), such as underfloor heating or radiant panels." .

bldg:ConvectiveHeatingSystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HeatingSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Convective Heating System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A heating system that delivers heat primarily by warming air through convection, such as radiators or warm air systems." .

bldg:ElectricUnderfloorHeating rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RadiantHeatingSystem .
bldg:RadiatorSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ConvectiveHeatingSystem .
bldg:ConvectorSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ConvectiveHeatingSystem .
bldg:WarmAirDistribution rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ConvectiveHeatingSystem .
bldg:UnderfloorWetSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RadiantHeatingSystem .

# --- Fabric element groupings ---

bldg:OpaqueElement a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricElement ;
    rdfs:label "Opaque Element" ;
    rdfs:comment "A building fabric element that is not transparent — walls, roofs, and floors. Heat loss occurs by conduction through the material." .

bldg:TransparentElement a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricElement ;
    rdfs:label "Transparent Element" ;
    rdfs:comment "A building fabric element that transmits light — windows and glazed doors. Heat loss occurs by conduction, convection, and radiation." .

bldg:Wall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:OpaqueElement .
bldg:Roof rdfs:subClassOf bldg:OpaqueElement .
bldg:Floor rdfs:subClassOf bldg:OpaqueElement .
bldg:Window rdfs:subClassOf bldg:TransparentElement .
bldg:Door rdfs:subClassOf bldg:OpaqueElement .

# --- Insulation groupings ---

bldg:ThermalInsulation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Thermal Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A material or system installed to reduce heat transfer through a building element." .

bldg:ThermalInsulationState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Thermal Insulation State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of thermal insulation, capturing its condition and effectiveness." .

bldg:ClassOfThermalInsulation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Thermal Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of thermal insulation types." .

bldg:WallInsulation rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ThermalInsulation .
bldg:RoofInsulation rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ThermalInsulation .
bldg:FloorInsulation rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ThermalInsulation .

# --- Spatial groupings ---

bldg:BuiltEntity a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Entity ;
    rdfs:label "Built Entity" ;
    rdfs:comment "Any physical thing that has been constructed — buildings, walls, roofs, floors, systems. The common ancestor of all manufactured building components." .

bldg:BuiltEntityState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Built Entity State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a built entity." .

bldg:ClassOfBuiltEntity a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Built Entity" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of built entity types." .

bldg:FabricElement rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuiltEntity .
bldg:TechnicalSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuiltEntity .
bldg:Building rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuiltEntity .
bldg:Structure rdfs:subClassOf bldg:BuiltEntity .

# --- Assessment groupings ---

bldg:FabricAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Fabric Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment activity inspecting a building fabric element (wall, roof, floor, window)." .

bldg:SystemAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "System Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment activity inspecting a building services system (heating, hot water, lighting, ventilation)." .

bldg:PerformanceCalculation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Performance Calculation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A calculation deriving an energy performance metric from inspection data." .

# Reparent assessment activities
bldg:WallAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment .
bldg:RoofAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment .
bldg:FloorAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment .
bldg:WindowAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment .
bldg:HeatingAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment .
bldg:HeatingControlAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment .
bldg:SecondaryHeatingAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment .
bldg:HotWaterAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment .
bldg:LightingAssessment rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment .
bldg:CalculateSAPRating rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PerformanceCalculation .
bldg:CalculateEIRating rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PerformanceCalculation .
bldg:CalculateCO2Emissions rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PerformanceCalculation .
bldg:EstimateRunningCosts rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PerformanceCalculation .

# --- Certificate groupings ---

bldg:UKEnergyPerformanceCertificate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCCertificate ;
    rdfs:label "UK Energy Performance Certificate" ;
    rdfs:comment "An Energy Performance Certificate issued under UK regulations." .

bldg:UKDomesticEPC rdfs:subClassOf bldg:UKEnergyPerformanceCertificate .
bldg:UKNonDomesticEPC rdfs:subClassOf bldg:UKEnergyPerformanceCertificate .
bldg:DisplayEnergyCertificate rdfs:subClassOf bldg:UKEnergyPerformanceCertificate .

# --- Renewable energy groupings ---

bldg:SolarEnergySystem a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RenewableEnergySystem ;
    rdfs:label "Solar Energy System" ;
    rdfs:comment "A renewable energy system that harvests energy from sunlight — includes photovoltaic (electric) and solar thermal (heat)." .

bldg:SolarPVSystem rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SolarEnergySystem .
bldg:SolarThermalPanel rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SolarEnergySystem .

# --- Hot water groupings ---

bldg:CentralHotWater a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Central Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced by the central heating system boiler and stored in a cylinder." .

bldg:PointOfUseHotWater a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:HotWaterSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Point of Use Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced at or near the point of use, without centralised storage." .

bldg:ElectricImmersionHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHotWater .
bldg:GasMultipoint rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PointOfUseHotWater .
bldg:InstantaneousWaterHeater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:PointOfUseHotWater .
bldg:CommunityHotWater rdfs:subClassOf bldg:CentralHotWater .

# --- Ventilation groupings ---

bldg:MechanicalVentilation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:VentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Mechanical Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A ventilation system using fans to move air, including extract-only and supply-and-extract with heat recovery." .

bldg:NaturalVentilation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:VentilationSystem ;
    rdfs:label "Natural Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation driven by wind pressure and temperature differences through openings, without mechanical assistance." .

bldg:MechanicalExtractOnly a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MechanicalVentilation ;
    rdfs:label "Mechanical Extract Only" ;
    rdfs:comment "Mechanical ventilation that extracts stale air; fresh air enters through trickle vents and gaps." .

bldg:MVHR a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MechanicalVentilation ;
    rdfs:label "MVHR" ;
    rdfs:comment "Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery — extracts stale air and recovers heat to warm incoming fresh air." .

# --- Retrofit groupings ---

bldg:FabricRetrofit a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "Fabric Retrofit" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit intervention improving the building fabric (insulation, glazing, draught-proofing)." .

bldg:SystemRetrofit a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:RetrofitEvent ;
    rdfs:label "System Retrofit" ;
    rdfs:comment "A retrofit intervention replacing or upgrading a building system (heating, hot water, lighting)." .

bldg:InsulationUpgrade rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricRetrofit .
bldg:WindowReplacement rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricRetrofit .
bldg:HeatingSystemReplacement rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemRetrofit .
bldg:LightingUpgrade rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemRetrofit .
bldg:RenewableInstallation rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemRetrofit .

# --- Wall construction groupings ---

bldg:MasonryWall a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Masonry Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall constructed from masonry units (brick, stone, block) — includes cavity and solid brick." .

bldg:LightweightWall a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ClassOfWall ;
    rdfs:label "Lightweight Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall constructed from lightweight materials (timber frame, system-built panels)." .

bldg:CavityWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MasonryWall .
bldg:SolidBrickWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MasonryWall .
bldg:SandstoneWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MasonryWall .
bldg:GraniteWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MasonryWall .
bldg:CobWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:MasonryWall .
bldg:TimberFrameWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:LightweightWall .
bldg:SystemBuiltWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:LightweightWall .
bldg:ParkHomeWall rdfs:subClassOf bldg:LightweightWall .

# --- Cost estimate groupings ---

bldg:DomesticCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Domestic Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "An estimated annual running cost for a domestic building system." .

bldg:HeatingCostEstimate rdfs:subClassOf bldg:DomesticCostEstimate .
bldg:HotWaterCostEstimate rdfs:subClassOf bldg:DomesticCostEstimate .
bldg:LightingCostEstimate rdfs:subClassOf bldg:DomesticCostEstimate .

# --- Property type grouping (from EPC PROPERTY_TYPE) ---

bldg:House a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "House" ;
    rdfs:comment "A self-contained dwelling forming all or part of a building at ground level with direct external access." .

bldg:Flat a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:ClassOfBuilding ;
    rdfs:label "Flat" ;
    rdfs:comment "A self-contained dwelling within a larger building, typically accessed via a shared entrance and stairway." .

# Reparent built forms under House/Flat
bldg:Detached rdfs:subClassOf bldg:House .
bldg:SemiDetached rdfs:subClassOf bldg:House .
bldg:Terraced rdfs:subClassOf bldg:House .
bldg:MidTerrace rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Terraced .
bldg:EndTerrace rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Terraced .
bldg:EnclosedMidTerrace rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Terraced .
bldg:EnclosedEndTerrace rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Terraced .
bldg:Bungalow rdfs:subClassOf bldg:House .
bldg:PurposeBuiltFlat rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Flat .
bldg:ConvertedFlat rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Flat .
bldg:FlatMaisonette rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Flat .

# =============================================================================
# DOMAIN-DERIVED DEEPENING
# Every class below is derived from EPC column structure and data values.
# No reference to any existing building ontology implementation.
# =============================================================================

# --- CURRENT_ENERGY_RATING + POTENTIAL_ENERGY_RATING, *_CURRENT + *_POTENTIAL ---
# Implication: Two temporal scenarios of the same dwelling — 'as assessed' and 'with improvements'

bldg:AssessmentScenario a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Assessment Scenario" ;
    rdfs:comment "A scenario in an energy assessment — either 'as assessed' (current) or 'with all improvements applied' (potential)." .

bldg:CurrentScenario a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AssessmentScenario ;
    rdfs:label "Current Scenario" ;
    rdfs:comment "The 'as assessed' scenario representing the dwelling in its current state." .

bldg:PotentialScenario a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AssessmentScenario ;
    rdfs:label "Potential Scenario" ;
    rdfs:comment "The 'with improvements' scenario representing the dwelling after recommended measures." .

# --- WALLS_DESCRIPTION + WALLS_ENERGY_EFF + WALLS_ENV_EFF (× 4 elements) ---
# Implication: Each fabric element is assessed independently, producing a description and two ratings

bldg:FabricAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Fabric Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of a specific building fabric element, producing a description and efficiency ratings." .

bldg:WallAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Wall Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the walls of a dwelling." .

bldg:RoofAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Roof Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the roof of a dwelling." .

bldg:FloorAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the floor of a dwelling." .

bldg:WindowAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:FabricAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Window Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the windows of a dwelling." .

# --- MAINHEAT_DESCRIPTION + MAINHEAT_ENERGY_EFF + MAINHEAT_ENV_EFF (× 5 systems) ---
# Implication: Each building system is assessed independently

bldg:SystemAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EPCAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "System Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of a specific building system." .

bldg:HeatingAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the main heating system." .

bldg:HeatingControlAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Control Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the heating controls." .

bldg:SecondaryHeatingAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Secondary Heating Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the secondary heating system." .

bldg:HotWaterAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the hot water system." .

bldg:LightingAssessment a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:SystemAssessment ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "An assessment of the lighting system." .

# --- HEATING_COST_CURRENT + HOT_WATER_COST_CURRENT + LIGHTING_COST_CURRENT (× 2 scenarios) ---
# Implication: Running costs are estimated separately per system

bldg:AnnualCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Measure ;
    rdfs:label "Annual Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "An estimated annual running cost in GBP." .

bldg:HeatingCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AnnualCostEstimate ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "Estimated annual cost of space heating." .

bldg:HotWaterCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AnnualCostEstimate ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "Estimated annual cost of hot water." .

bldg:LightingCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AnnualCostEstimate ;
    rdfs:label "Lighting Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "Estimated annual cost of lighting." .

bldg:TotalCostEstimate a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:AnnualCostEstimate ;
    rdfs:label "Total Cost Estimate" ;
    rdfs:comment "Estimated total annual energy cost." .

# --- WALLS_DESCRIPTION typical values ---
# Implication: Wall descriptions decompose into construction type + insulation type + insulation location

bldg:WallConstructionType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Wall Construction Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of wall construction methods." .

bldg:WallInsulationType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Wall Insulation Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of wall insulation methods." .

bldg:CavityWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Cavity Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall with two leaves separated by a cavity." .

bldg:SolidBrickWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Brick Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall of solid brick or stone construction." .

bldg:TimberFrameWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Timber Frame Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall with a timber structural frame." .

bldg:SystemBuiltWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "System Built Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall using prefabricated or system-built construction." .

bldg:SandstoneWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Sandstone Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall of sandstone block construction." .

bldg:GraniteWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Granite Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall of granite block construction." .

bldg:CobWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Cob Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall of traditional cob (earth) construction." .

bldg:ParkHomeWall a bldg:WallConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Park Home Wall" ;
    rdfs:comment "A wall of park home (prefabricated lightweight) construction." .

bldg:FilledCavity a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "Filled Cavity" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation injected into or placed within the wall cavity." .

bldg:ExternalInsulation a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "External Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation applied to the outside face of the wall." .

bldg:InternalInsulation a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "Internal Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation applied to the inside face of the wall." .

bldg:NoWallInsulation a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "No Wall Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "No wall insulation present." .

bldg:AsBuiltInsulation a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "As Built Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Original insulation as installed during construction." .

bldg:PartialFill a bldg:WallInsulationType ;
    rdfs:label "Partial Fill" ;
    rdfs:comment "Partial cavity fill insulation." .

# --- ROOF_DESCRIPTION typical values ---
# Implication: Roof descriptions decompose into roof type + insulation depth + insulation location

bldg:RoofConstructionType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Roof Construction Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of roof construction types." .

bldg:RoofInsulationLocation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Roof Insulation Location" ;
    rdfs:comment "Where insulation is located relative to the roof structure." .

bldg:PitchedRoof a bldg:RoofConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Pitched Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof with sloping surfaces meeting at a ridge." .

bldg:FlatRoof a bldg:RoofConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Flat Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof with minimal slope, typically less than 10 degrees." .

bldg:ThatchedRoof a bldg:RoofConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Thatched Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof covered with straw, reed, or similar natural material." .

bldg:RoomInRoof a bldg:RoofConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Room In Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof space converted for habitable use." .

bldg:MansardRoof a bldg:RoofConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Mansard Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A roof with two slopes on each side, the lower being steeper." .

bldg:LoftInsulation a bldg:RoofInsulationLocation ;
    rdfs:label "Loft Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation laid between or over ceiling joists in the loft." .

bldg:RafterInsulation a bldg:RoofInsulationLocation ;
    rdfs:label "Rafter Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation fitted between or over the roof rafters." .

bldg:FlatRoofTopInsulation a bldg:RoofInsulationLocation ;
    rdfs:label "Flat Roof Top Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Insulation applied to the top of a flat roof deck." .

bldg:NoRoofInsulation a bldg:RoofInsulationLocation ;
    rdfs:label "No Roof Insulation" ;
    rdfs:comment "No roof insulation present." .

# --- FLOOR_DESCRIPTION typical values ---
# Implication: Floor descriptions decompose into floor type + insulation presence

bldg:FloorConstructionType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Construction Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of floor construction types." .

bldg:SuspendedTimberFloor a bldg:FloorConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Suspended Timber Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A floor of timber boards on joists with a void beneath." .

bldg:SolidConcreteFloor a bldg:FloorConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Concrete Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A floor of solid concrete slab on the ground." .

bldg:SuspendedConcreteFloor a bldg:FloorConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Suspended Concrete Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A floor of precast or in-situ concrete with a void beneath." .

bldg:FloorToExternalAir a bldg:FloorConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Floor To External Air" ;
    rdfs:comment "A floor exposed to external air on its underside (e.g. over a passageway)." .

bldg:FloorOverUnheatedSpace a bldg:FloorConstructionType ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Over Unheated Space" ;
    rdfs:comment "A floor above an unheated space such as a garage." .

# --- MAINHEAT_DESCRIPTION compound values ---
# Implication: Heating descriptions decompose into production method + distribution method + fuel source

bldg:HeatProductionMethod a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Heat Production Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of methods for producing heat." .

bldg:HeatDistributionMethod a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Heat Distribution Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of methods for distributing heat to rooms." .

bldg:GasBoiler a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Boiler" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by a gas-fired boiler." .

bldg:OilBoiler a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Oil Boiler" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by an oil-fired boiler." .

bldg:LPGBoiler a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "L P G Boiler" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by an LPG-fired boiler." .

bldg:ElectricBoiler a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Boiler" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by an electric boiler." .

bldg:CondensingBoilerMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Condensing Boiler Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by a high-efficiency condensing boiler." .

bldg:CombiBoilerMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Combi Boiler Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by a combination boiler providing heating and hot water." .

bldg:BackBoilerMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Back Boiler Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by a back boiler fitted behind a fireplace." .

bldg:AirSourceHeatPumpMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Air Source Heat Pump Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat extracted from outside air by a heat pump." .

bldg:GroundSourceHeatPumpMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Ground Source Heat Pump Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat extracted from the ground by a heat pump." .

bldg:ElectricStorageMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Storage Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat stored in thermal mass during off-peak electricity." .

bldg:ElectricPanelMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Panel Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Direct electric heating via wall-mounted panels." .

bldg:ElectricUnderfloorMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Underfloor Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Direct electric heating via floor-embedded elements." .

bldg:WarmAirMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Warm Air Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced and distributed as heated air." .

bldg:CommunityHeatingMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Community Heating Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat supplied from a communal or district network." .

bldg:MicroCHPMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Micro C H P Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat and electricity co-generated by a micro-CHP unit." .

bldg:RoomHeaterMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Room Heater Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by standalone room heaters." .

bldg:PortableHeaterMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Portable Heater Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by portable electric heaters." .

bldg:SolidFuelHeaterMethod a bldg:HeatProductionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Solid Fuel Heater Method" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat produced by a solid fuel burning appliance." .

bldg:WetRadiators a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Wet Radiators" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat distributed via hot water radiators." .

bldg:UnderfloorWet a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Underfloor Wet" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat distributed via hot water pipes in the floor." .

bldg:UnderfloorElectric a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Underfloor Electric" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat distributed via electric elements in the floor." .

bldg:WarmAirDucts a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Warm Air Ducts" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat distributed via ducted warm air." .

bldg:Convectors a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Convectors" ;
    rdfs:comment "Heat distributed via fan or natural convector units." .

bldg:DirectElectric a bldg:HeatDistributionMethod ;
    rdfs:label "Direct Electric" ;
    rdfs:comment "No distribution system — each heater is self-contained." .

# --- MAINHEATCONT_DESCRIPTION values ---
# Implication: Heating control descriptions list individual control devices

bldg:HeatingControlDevice a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Control Device" ;
    rdfs:comment "A physical device that controls heating system operation." .

bldg:HeatingControlDeviceState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Heating Control Device State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a heating control device." .

bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Heating Control Device" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of heating control device types." .

bldg:Programmer a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Programmer" ;
    rdfs:comment "A timer device controlling when heating operates." .

bldg:RoomThermostat a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Room Thermostat" ;
    rdfs:comment "A thermostat controlling room temperature." .

bldg:TRV a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "T R V" ;
    rdfs:comment "A thermostatic radiator valve controlling individual radiator output." .

bldg:CylinderThermostat a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Cylinder Thermostat" ;
    rdfs:comment "A thermostat controlling hot water cylinder temperature." .

bldg:BoilerInterlock a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Boiler Interlock" ;
    rdfs:comment "A control ensuring the boiler fires only when heat is needed." .

bldg:WeatherCompensator a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Weather Compensator" ;
    rdfs:comment "A control adjusting heating output based on external temperature." .

bldg:LoadCompensator a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Load Compensator" ;
    rdfs:comment "A control adjusting heating output based on internal temperature." .

bldg:TimeAndTemperatureZoneControl a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Time And Temperature Zone Control" ;
    rdfs:comment "Controls allowing independent time and temperature settings per zone." .

bldg:ChargingControl a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Charging Control" ;
    rdfs:comment "A control managing the charging cycle of storage heaters." .

bldg:CelestAuomaticControl a bldg:ClassOfHeatingControlDevice ;
    rdfs:label "Celest Auomatic Control" ;
    rdfs:comment "An automatic charge control for storage heaters." .

# --- MECHANICAL_VENTILATION values ---
# Implication: Ventilation types are distinct systems with different energy implications

bldg:VentilationType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Ventilation Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of ventilation system types." .

bldg:NaturalVentilation a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "Natural Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation via windows, trickle vents, and background infiltration." .

bldg:MechanicalExtract a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "Mechanical Extract" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation via mechanical extract fans (kitchen, bathroom)." .

bldg:MechanicalSupplyAndExtract a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "Mechanical Supply And Extract" ;
    rdfs:comment "Balanced mechanical ventilation with supply and extract." .

bldg:MVHR a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "M V H R" ;
    rdfs:comment "Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery — recovers heat from extract air." .

bldg:PassiveStack a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "Passive Stack" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation via passive stack effect through ducts." .

bldg:PositiveInputVentilation a bldg:VentilationType ;
    rdfs:label "Positive Input Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "Ventilation by injecting filtered air into the dwelling." .

# --- HOTWATER_DESCRIPTION values ---
# Implication: Hot water source types are distinct

bldg:HotWaterSourceType a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Hot Water Source Type" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of domestic hot water source types." .

bldg:FromMainSystem a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "From Main System" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced by the main heating system." .

bldg:ElectricImmersion a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Immersion" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water heated by an electric immersion heater in a cylinder." .

bldg:ElectricImmersionOffPeak a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Immersion Off Peak" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water heated by an off-peak electric immersion heater." .

bldg:GasMultipoint a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Multipoint" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced by a dedicated gas multipoint heater." .

bldg:GasInstantaneous a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Instantaneous" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced on demand by a gas instantaneous heater." .

bldg:ElectricInstantaneous a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Electric Instantaneous" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced on demand by an electric instantaneous heater." .

bldg:CommunityHotWater a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Community Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water supplied by a communal or district system." .

bldg:SolarThermalHotWater a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Solar Thermal Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water heated by solar thermal panels." .

bldg:HeatPumpHotWater a bldg:HotWaterSourceType ;
    rdfs:label "Heat Pump Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "Hot water produced by a dedicated hot water heat pump." .

# --- TRANSACTION_TYPE values ---
# Implication: Each assessment has a trigger — what caused it to be performed

bldg:AssessmentTrigger a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Assessment Trigger" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of what triggered an EPC assessment." .

bldg:MarketedSale a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Marketed Sale" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment triggered by a property being marketed for sale." .

bldg:NonMarketedSale a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Non Marketed Sale" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment triggered by a non-marketed property sale." .

bldg:RentalLetting a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Rental Letting" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment triggered by a property being let." .

bldg:GreenDealAssessment a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Green Deal Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment for Green Deal financing eligibility." .

bldg:FeedInTariffApplication a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Feed In Tariff Application" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment for Feed-in Tariff application." .

bldg:RHIApplication a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "R H I Application" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment for Renewable Heat Incentive application." .

bldg:ECOAssessment a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "E C O Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment for Energy Company Obligation eligibility." .

bldg:NewBuild a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "New Build" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment of a newly constructed dwelling." .

bldg:VoluntaryAssessment a bldg:AssessmentTrigger ;
    rdfs:label "Voluntary Assessment" ;
    rdfs:comment "Assessment performed voluntarily by the owner." .

# --- FLOOR_LEVEL + FLAT_TOP_STOREY + FLAT_STOREY_COUNT ---
# Implication: Flats exist within multi-storey structures — the EPC records which floor and how many storeys

bldg:MultiDwellingStructure a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:Building ;
    rdfs:label "Multi Dwelling Structure" ;
    rdfs:comment "A building containing multiple dwellings (e.g. a block of flats)." .

bldg:MultiDwellingStructureState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Multi Dwelling Structure State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a multi-dwelling structure." .

bldg:ClassOfMultiDwellingStructure a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Multi Dwelling Structure" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of multi-dwelling structure types." .

# --- EXTENSION_COUNT ---
# Implication: Building extensions are distinct physical additions that modify the original structure

bldg:BuildingExtension a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Building Extension" ;
    rdfs:comment "A physical extension added to an existing building." .

bldg:BuildingExtensionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Building Extension State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a building extension." .

bldg:ClassOfBuildingExtension a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Building Extension" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of building extension types." .

# --- MAINS_GAS_FLAG + MAIN_FUEL + ENERGY_TARIFF ---
# Implication: The dwelling has one or more energy supply connections

bldg:EnergySupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:Asset ;
    rdfs:label "Energy Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A connection providing energy to a dwelling." .

bldg:EnergySupplyState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Energy Supply State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of an energy supply connection." .

bldg:ClassOfEnergySupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Energy Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of energy supply types." .

bldg:GasSupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EnergySupply ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A mains gas supply connection." .

bldg:ElectricitySupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EnergySupply ;
    rdfs:label "Electricity Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A mains electricity supply connection." .

bldg:OilSupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf bldg:EnergySupply ;
    rdfs:label "Oil Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "An oil supply (tank/delivery)." .

# =============================================================================
# SYSTEMATIC 4D COMPLETION
# Mechanical rule: for every physical entity class, ensure State + ClassOf exist.
# =============================================================================

bldg:AllFireplacesOfBuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "All Fireplaces Of Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a all fireplaces of building." .

bldg:ClassOfAllFireplacesOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of All Fireplaces Of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of all fireplaces of building types." .

bldg:AllFloorsOfBuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "All Floors Of Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a all floors of building." .

bldg:ClassOfAllFloorsOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of All Floors Of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of all floors of building types." .

bldg:AllRoofsOfBuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "All Roofs Of Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a all roofs of building." .

bldg:ClassOfAllRoofsOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of All Roofs Of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of all roofs of building types." .

bldg:AllWallsOfBuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "All Walls Of Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a all walls of building." .

bldg:ClassOfAllWallsOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of All Walls Of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of all walls of building types." .

bldg:AllWindowsOfBuildingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "All Windows Of Building State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a all windows of building." .

bldg:ClassOfAllWindowsOfBuilding a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of All Windows Of Building" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of all windows of building types." .

bldg:AssessFloorState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Floor State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess floor." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessFloor a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess floor types." .

bldg:AssessHeatingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Heating State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess heating." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessHeating a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Heating" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess heating types." .

bldg:AssessHotWaterState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Hot Water State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess hot water." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessHotWater a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess hot water types." .

bldg:AssessLightingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Lighting State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess lighting." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessLighting a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Lighting" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess lighting types." .

bldg:AssessRoofState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Roof State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess roof." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessRoof a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess roof types." .

bldg:AssessVentilationState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Ventilation State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess ventilation." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessVentilation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess ventilation types." .

bldg:AssessWallsState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Walls State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess walls." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessWalls a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Walls" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess walls types." .

bldg:AssessWindowsState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Assess Windows State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a assess windows." .

bldg:ClassOfAssessWindows a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Assess Windows" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of assess windows types." .

bldg:CO2EmissionsPerFloorAreaState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "C O Emissions Per Floor Area State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a c o emissions per floor area." .

bldg:ClassOfCO2EmissionsPerFloorArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of C O Emissions Per Floor Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of c o emissions per floor area types." .

bldg:CalculateEnvironmentalImpactState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Calculate Environmental Impact State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a calculate environmental impact." .

bldg:ClassOfCalculateEnvironmentalImpact a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Calculate Environmental Impact" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of calculate environmental impact types." .

bldg:CountFireplacesState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Count Fireplaces State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a count fireplaces." .

bldg:ClassOfCountFireplaces a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Count Fireplaces" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of count fireplaces types." .

bldg:DetermineAgeState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Determine Age State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a determine age." .

bldg:ClassOfDetermineAge a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Determine Age" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of determine age types." .

bldg:ElectricitySupplyState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Electricity Supply State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a electricity supply." .

bldg:ClassOfElectricitySupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Electricity Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of electricity supply types." .

bldg:FiniteClassOfElementState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Finite Class Of Element State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a finite class of element." .

bldg:ClassOfFiniteClassOfElement a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Finite Class Of Element" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of finite class of element types." .

bldg:FloorConstructionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Construction State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a floor construction." .

bldg:ClassOfFloorConstruction a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Floor Construction" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of floor construction types." .

bldg:FloorHeightState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Height State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a floor height." .

bldg:ClassOfFloorHeight a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Floor Height" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of floor height types." .

bldg:FloorLevelState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Floor Level State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a floor level." .

bldg:ClassOfFloorLevel a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Floor Level" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of floor level types." .

bldg:GasSupplyState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Gas Supply State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a gas supply." .

bldg:ClassOfGasSupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Gas Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of gas supply types." .

bldg:InspectFloorState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Floor State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect floor." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectFloor a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Floor" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect floor types." .

bldg:InspectHeatingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Heating State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect heating." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectHeating a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Heating" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect heating types." .

bldg:InspectHotWaterState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Hot Water State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect hot water." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectHotWater a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Hot Water" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect hot water types." .

bldg:InspectLightingState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Lighting State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect lighting." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectLighting a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Lighting" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect lighting types." .

bldg:InspectRoofState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Roof State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect roof." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectRoof a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Roof" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect roof types." .

bldg:InspectVentilationState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Ventilation State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect ventilation." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectVentilation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Ventilation" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect ventilation types." .

bldg:InspectWallsState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Walls State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect walls." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectWalls a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Walls" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect walls types." .

bldg:InspectWindowsState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Inspect Windows State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a inspect windows." .

bldg:ClassOfInspectWindows a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Inspect Windows" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of inspect windows types." .

bldg:LocalAuthorityAreaState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Local Authority Area State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a local authority area." .

bldg:ClassOfLocalAuthorityArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Local Authority Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of local authority area types." .

bldg:MeasureFloorAreaState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Measure Floor Area State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a measure floor area." .

bldg:ClassOfMeasureFloorArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Measure Floor Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of measure floor area types." .

bldg:MultiGlazeProportionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Multi Glaze Proportion State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a multi glaze proportion." .

bldg:ClassOfMultiGlazeProportion a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Multi Glaze Proportion" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of multi glaze proportion types." .

bldg:OilSupplyState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Oil Supply State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a oil supply." .

bldg:ClassOfOilSupply a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Oil Supply" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of oil supply types." .

bldg:RoofConstructionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Roof Construction State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a roof construction." .

bldg:ClassOfRoofConstruction a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Roof Construction" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of roof construction types." .

bldg:RoofInsulationLocationState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Roof Insulation Location State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a roof insulation location." .

bldg:ClassOfRoofInsulationLocation a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Roof Insulation Location" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of roof insulation location types." .

bldg:TotalFloorAreaState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Total Floor Area State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a total floor area." .

bldg:ClassOfTotalFloorArea a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Total Floor Area" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of total floor area types." .

bldg:UDPRNState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "U D P R N State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a u d p r n." .

bldg:ClassOfUDPRN a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of U D P R N" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of u d p r n types." .

bldg:UKDomesticEPCState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "U K Domestic E P C State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a u k domestic e p c." .

bldg:ClassOfUKDomesticEPC a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of U K Domestic E P C" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of u k domestic e p c types." .

bldg:UKNonDomesticEPCState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "U K Non Domestic E P C State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a u k non domestic e p c." .

bldg:ClassOfUKNonDomesticEPC a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of U K Non Domestic E P C" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of u k non domestic e p c types." .

bldg:UPRNState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "U P R N State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a u p r n." .

bldg:ClassOfUPRN a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of U P R N" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of u p r n types." .

bldg:WallConstructionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Wall Construction State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a wall construction." .

bldg:ClassOfWallConstruction a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Wall Construction" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of wall construction types." .

bldg:WindowConstructionState a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:State ;
    rdfs:label "Window Construction State" ;
    rdfs:comment "A temporal state of a window construction." .

bldg:ClassOfWindowConstruction a rdfs:Class ;
    rdfs:subClassOf ies:ClassOfEntity ;
    rdfs:label "Class Of Window Construction" ;
    rdfs:comment "A classification of window construction types." .